![]() By adding the line temp_soft_limit=70 to the /boot/config.txt file, automatic underclocking can be ‘postponed’ until the Pi reaches a higher temperature. Slower operations + Increased downtime = decreased profit marginsīy default, Pi’s soft limit is set at 60☌ but it is possible to set the temperature at which CPU throttling occurs to a higher threshold value. When a system deliberately underclocks by throttling the CPU to protect from hardware damage the speed of the processor is slowed down, which inevitably limits the speed of operations. This underclocking increases Pi’s system stability at high temperatures, aiming to ensure the operating temperature remains below the 80 oC ‘safe’ level, but this comes at the expense of the processor’s performance. This means that even before reaching the hard limit at 85 oC, the clock speed is reduced from 1.4GHz to lower frequencies, reducing the temperature rise to the components. Underclocking reduces the load induced temperature rise as lower performance reduces power consumption requirements and therefore generates less heat inside a device.įor Raspberry Pi 3+, a ‘soft’ temperature limit of 60 oC has been introduced. In other words, to deliberately underclock CPU is to consciously reduce the speed of the processor. In certain situations, the Pi can be pushed beyond its qualified operating temperature range, therefore its long-term performance is not guaranteed.ĬPU underclocking is the process of limiting the frequency at which pulses are used to synchronize a processor’s operations. ![]() In several tests, the Pi’s SoC has been shown to exceed 100 oC. The thermal map above shows a Raspberry Pi 3+ processor reaching towards 90 oC. It has been reported that Raspberry Pi can be vulnerable to overheating issues. Source: Gareth Halfacree from Bradford, UK How does Raspberry Pi deal with high temperatures? As Pi’s component temperature can reach, and even exceed, the upper level of its operating range whilst sitting on a desk in a temperature-controlled office, an industrial environment with its substantial increase in ambient temperature will inevitably deliver even higher temperatures to the board. In contrast to the typical office environment with air conditioning, industrial environments can have higher ambient temperatures due to factors such as metal roofs that can act as radiators, proximity to industrial ovens and other hot machinery, etc. In industrial environments, a Raspberry Pi prototype will often be required to function 24 hours a day regardless of the season. In its typical configuration in stable ambient temperatures, desktop applications – such as internet browsers and office programs like word processors – increase the load induced temperature rise and consequently how hot the components will get. In addition to the ambient temperature, all applications make demands on the Pi’s CPU, GPU, and hardware, and as this load increases so does the temperature of the board – particularly to the two key components – the USB and Ethernet controller, and the processor (SoC).Ĭomponent operating temperature = ambient temperature + load induced temperature rise In considering the effect of overheating on a Raspberry Pi prototype, it is necessary to consider other sources of heat. ![]() ![]() This effectively means that the maximum operating temperature of Raspberry Pi’s key components is 70 oC and 85 oC respectively. The SoC (System on Chip – the integrated circuit that does the Pi’s processing, a Broadcom BCM2837B0) is qualified from -40☌ to 85☌. To keep costs low, the Raspberry Pi is built with commercial grade chips which are qualified to different temperature ranges the USB and Ethernet controller of the Pi 3+ (Microchip LAN7515) is specified by the manufacturers as being qualified from 0☌ to 70☌. What is the maximum operating temperature of a Raspberry Pi? Temperatures falling outside of the qualified ‘safe’ range will risk loss of functionality and in some cases total failure. The operating temperature depends on the specified function and application of the device and ranges from a minimum to a maximum ambient temperature at which performance is optimised. All electrical devices are qualified to a specific operating temperature range at which the device will work effectively. A reported issue with Raspberry Pi can be overheating, with a resulting loss of performance, when the board is exposed to high temperatures.
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